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Could all your digital photos be stored as DNA? | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology
As the volume of data produced by internet activity, digital devices and IoT sensors continues to expand at an aggressive rate, businesses are running out of time to solve a critical problem: where to put it all. According to a recent IDC reportthe quantity of data created within the next five years will be greater than double the amount generated since digital storage came into use.
While hard disk drives HDDs and solid state drives SSDs do an excellent job of holding and supplying the quantities of data our everyday devices need dna storage long term paper function, dna storage long term paper, neither are well-suited to storing information en masse and for long durations. When it comes to archival storage, Linear Tape-Open LTO magnetic tape rules the roost, with the lowest cost per dna storage long term paper of any technology. However, while cost-effective, tape has its weaknesses too; data can only be accessed serially, making it hard to locate specific files, and companies also need to migrate to fresh tape on a semi-regular basis to avoid data loss.
To try and solve the looming data crisis, researchers are hunting for new ultra-dense and ultra-durable storage technologies. A few different candidates have emerged, but one concept looks particularly promising: deoxyribonucleic acid, better known as DNA. DNA, the foundational material of living organisms, comprises four molecular building blocks: adenine Aguanine Gcytosine C and thymine T.
This structure can be utilized as an extremely dense and durable form of data storage, by converting binary 1s and 0s into the four-lettered genetic alphabet. A single gram of DNA has been found to be capable of storing PBTB of data. When the stored data is needed again, the DNA molecules are sequenced to reveal each individual A,C,G or T in order and remapped from DNA bases back to 1s and 0s.
DNA outperforms current archival storage technologies in almost every category. In a real-world scenario, DNA could be used to store the whole of YouTube which is thought to host roughlyTB of new video each year in a small refrigerator, as opposed to acres and acres of data centers. Unlike magnetic tape, which needs to be replaced every decade or two depending on usage, DNA can last for thousands of years in the right conditions. This means the total cost of ownership TCO has the potential to be extremely low.
DNA is also biodegradable and easily replicable, and consumes little power beyond the energy required to manufacture the necessary climate, making it extremely environmentally friendly.
However, there are still numerous reasons DNA is yet to make tape storage obsolete. The technology is still in its infancy, with kinks to be ironed out at almost every stage of the process, from encoding to synthesis to sequencing.
The main issues concern cost and speed. To prevent degradation, DNA requires a very specific climate, which can be both difficult and costly to maintain. Specifically, DNA either needs to be kept at exceedingly low temperatures or exposed to carefully controlled airflow. Using current techniques, the process of writing data to DNA is also extremely time-consuming when compared with incumbent technologies.
Until this can be improved, DNA storage will remain unusable at scale. Reading data stored in DNA poses challenges too, with a high likelihood that errors are introduced during the sequencing process. For this reason, the DDSA expects the earliest adopters of the technology to use it for write once, read never WORN or write once, read seldom if ever WORSE use cases e. storing certain data types to fulfil regulatory requirements.
Aside from the technological issues, the lack of common standards needs to be addressed, to ensure DNA storage technologies will be interoperable both with one another and legacy technologies. However, with DNA storage attracting both attention and investment from governments, storage incumbents and tech giants alike, work is underway to find solutions to these problems.
Separately, Twist Bioscience has developed a method of increasing DNA synthesis yield by a factor of 1, by using a silicon platform that miniaturizes the chemistry required. According to the DDSA, concerns about data accuracy will be allayed by scripts capable of correcting sequencing issues, and the organization also believes there remains time to establish specifications that will prevent fragmentation across the industry.
encoding, physical interfaces, dna storage long term paper, retention, file systems to promote the emergence of interoperable DNA data storage-based solutions that complement existing storage hierarchies.
Although the arrival of DNA storage will pose questions about the enduring usefulness of magnetic tape, dna storage long term paper, there are those that believe the writing is not on the wall just yet.
For example, asked whether it felt DNA would put its tape storage products under threat, IBM dna storage long term paper towards improvements in the density of tape, which is also tried and true in a commercial context.
And because we continue to advance the density of the tape, today a single cartridge from IBM that's smaller than a VHS cassette can hold an dna storage long term paper 60TB of compressed data. These are some of the qualities that make tape the go-to solution for the biggest hyperscalers dna storage long term paper rely on it for inexpensive, reliable archival storage.
At the end of last year, dna storage long term paper, IBM also announced it had broken the world record for areal density on a prototype tape made of strontium ferrite SrFedeveloped by Fujifilm. Although the attributes of DNA storage are most comparable to tape, Quantum believes DNA is more likely to slot into existing setups than replace the incumbent technology entirely. It is also one of the safest storage mediums out there as data is stored offline and can also serve a role as an active archive, a key and important function for hyperscalers.
DNA will complement tape in the future by coexisting as a tiered system within hyperscale data centers. DNA is unlikely to replace magnetic tape for the next several years, but will occupy a tier below it, for write once read rarely use cases. A perfect mix for big data archival scenarios. Although tape capacity has tended to almost double with every LTO generation, outperforming SSD and HDD capacity growth by magnitudes, even this exponential rate of expansion cannot outpace the volume of data being produced.
If analysts are to be believed, the data dna storage long term paper crisis will come to a head within the next half decade. If storage technologies do not catch up in time, dna storage long term paper consequences could be manifold. For example, the inability to store a sufficient amount of data will mean businesses are less well equipped to recover from disruption, whether triggered by cyberattack or changing socioeconomic conditions, dna storage long term paper.
The full value of analytics will remain untapped and unknownbecause companies will have to work with incomplete datasets. Google, for example, recently announced it will dna storage long term paper to delete data attached to its Gmail, Drive and Photos services from accounts inactive for two years or more.
DNA storage is not the only hope; researchers at Microsoft are examining the possibility of using lasers to etch data into quartz glassor storing data in hologram form inside crystals. However, with its unique set of properties and characteristics, DNA is perhaps the most likely savior. According to Luis Ceze, an expert in DNA storage at the University of Washington, it will take between eight and ten years for DNA to be adopted in large-scale commercial contexts.
Other specialists we consulted concurred with this assessment. There is hope, then, that the race against the clock can still be won and data calamity averted. Joel Khalili is a Staff Writer working across both TechRadar Pro and ITProPortal. He's interested in receiving pitches around cybersecurity, data privacy, cloud, storage, internet infrastructure, dna storage long term paper, mobile, 5G and blockchain.
TechRadar pro IT insights for business. North America. Please deactivate your ad blocker in order to see our subscription offer, dna storage long term paper. News Reviews Security VPN Insights Resources More TechRadar, dna storage long term paper. Web Hosting Cloud Storage Website Builders Mobile POS Systems Security Systems. Joel Khalili. See more Storage news. MOST POPULAR MOST SHARED.
Microsoft and UW demonstrate first fully automated DNA data storage
, time: 3:33DNA Data Storage Alliance Makes Its Case in New White Paper, Website
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